Scabies (2024)

Scabies is an itchy rash caused by mites. It’s spread through close skin contact, and anyone can get it. It should be treated quickly to stop it spreading.

Check if it's scabies

The symptoms of scabies are:

  • intense itching, especially at night
  • a raised rash or spots

The spots may look red. They are more difficult to see on brown or black skin, but you should be able to feel them.

Scabies (1)

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JOHN RADCLIFFE HOSPITAL/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/262408/view

Scabies (2)

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DR P. MARAZZI/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/262479/view

Scabies (3)
Scabies (4)

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Zay Nyi Nyi https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/scabies-infestation-right-hand-southeast-asian-1410825806

The scabies rash usually spreads across the whole body, apart from the head and neck. It often affects skin between the fingers, around the wrists, under the arms, and around the waist, groin and bottom.

However, older people and young children may develop a rash on their head, neck, palms and soles of their feet.

People with a weakened immune system can sometimes get a rare and very contagious type of scabies, called crusted scabies. The main symptom is a crusted, flaky rash that often affects the elbows, knees, hands and feet.

If you’re not sure it's scabies

Many other things can cause itchy skin and rashes in babies and children.

A pharmacist can help with scabies

Scabies is not usually a serious condition, but it does need to be treated.

A pharmacist will recommend a cream or lotion that you apply over your whole body. It's important to read the instructions carefully.

Let the pharmacist know if you're breastfeeding or pregnant.

You'll need to repeat the treatment 1 week later.

Scabies is very infectious, but it can take up to 8 weeks for the rash to appear.

Everyone in your home needs to be treated at the same time, even if they do not have symptoms. But do not use pharmacy treatments on children under 2 years old, they will need to see a GP.

Anyone you’ve had sexual contact with in the past 8 weeks should also be treated.

Things you can do during treatment to stop scabies spreading

If you or someone in your family has scabies there are things you can do to reduce the risk of it spreading.

Do

  • wash all bedding and clothing in the house at 60C or higher, and if possible in a hot dryer, on the first day of treatment

  • put clothing that cannot be washed in a sealed bag for 3 days until the mites die

Don’t

  • do not have sex or close physical contact until you have completed the full course of treatment

  • do not share bedding, clothing or towels with someone with scabies

How long it takes to get rid of scabies

Adults and children aged 5 years or over can go back to work or school as soon as they have started treatment. It’s important to avoid close contact with other people for the first 24 hours.

Children under 5 years old can go back to nursery or pre-school 24 hours after the first treatment.

Although the treatment kills the scabies mites quickly, the itching can carry on for a few weeks.

Non-urgent advice: See a GP if:

  • your child is under 2 years old and has symptoms of scabies or someone else in your household has scabies
  • you have scabies and think your skin may be infected or you have another skin condition, such as eczema
  • you have a crusted, flaky rash on your elbows, knees, hands or feet
  • you’ve used pharmacy treatment for scabies and your skin is still itching 2 to 4 weeks after treatment has finished

Scabies can spread easily

Scabies spreads through close skin contact, including sexual contact. You cannot get scabies from pets.

People who live or work closely together in nurseries, university halls of residence or nursing homes are more at risk.

Important: Scabies and hygiene

Anyone can get scabies. It has nothing to do with poor hygiene.

Complications of scabies

Scratching the rash can cause skin infections like impetigo.

Scabies can make conditions like eczema or psoriasis worse.

Page last reviewed: 21 November 2023
Next review due: 21 November 2026

Scabies (2024)

FAQs

Scabies? ›

Scabies is caused by tiny mites that burrow into the skin. Scabies is an itchy skin rash caused by a tiny burrowing mite called Sarcoptes scabiei. Intense itching occurs in the area where the mite burrows. The need to scratch may be stronger at night.

How does a person get scabies? ›

Scabies is spread by direct skin-to-skin touching. This usually happens during sex, especially when your bodies are touching or close for a long time (like if you sleep in a bed together). Most adults get scabies from sex, but you can get it other ways, too.

Is scabies an STD? ›

Thus, skin transmission during sexual intercourse may cause skin lesions on the penis, vagin*l area, or groin. It is important to point out that scabies is not always a sexually transmitted disease (STD) and may spread through any skin-to-skin contact.

Do scabies go away on their own? ›

No, scabies won't go away on its own. Only prescription medication can treat it. If you don't treat it, you'll probably continue to spread the disease to other people. In addition, the constant itching will probably lead to constant scratching and a skin infection.

How long are you contagious with scabies? ›

The eggs hatch and become adult mites within 10 days. Symptoms, primarily itching, appear approximately four weeks from the time of contact as a result of sensitization to the presence of immature mites. How long are you infectious? A person with scabies is considered infectious as long as they have not been treated.

Can scabies live in a mattress? ›

If you have a scabies infestation, you should treat all clothing, furniture, and household items you came into contact with over the past few days. Scabies mites can live on your mattress for three days, so sleeping on it before you treat yourself and the mattress could lead to reinfection.

Do you get scabies from poor hygiene? ›

Scabies is highly contagious and is spread by close contact. If untreated, it can last indefinitely. Scabies is not caused by poor hygiene.

Are scabies like bed bugs? ›

Bed bugs are insects, but scabies are actually arachnids. And while they feed on human blood, they don't do it by crawling around and biting the surface of your skin. Instead, they burrow into the outer layer of skin where they then lay and hatch their eggs.

How did I get scabies without contact? ›

Scabies does not usually spread through a brief touch with someone that has scabies, such as a handshake or hug. Scabies usually spreads to sexual partners and household members. Scabies can also spread through contact with the clothes, bedding, or towels of someone who has scabies.

Is scabies hard to get rid of? ›

Some people need to treat two or three times to get rid of the mites. Be sure to see your dermatologist for treatment. You should never use a scabicide used to treat crops or livestock. People who develop crusted scabies, also known as Norwegian scabies, often need repeat treatments to get rid of the mites.

What do scabies bites look like? ›

The scabies rash looks like blisters or pimples: pink, raised bumps with a clear top filled with fluid. Sometimes they appear in a row. Scabies can also cause gray lines on your skin along with red bumps. Your skin may have red and scaly patches.

What is the fastest way to cure scabies? ›

Permethrin is the drug of choice for the treatment of scabies. Topical permethrin should be administered every 2-3 days for 1-2 weeks to treat crusted scabies. Benzyl benzoate 25% (with or without tea tree oil) Benzyl benzoate may be used as an alternative topical agent to permethrin.

What can be mistaken for scabies? ›

Unfortunately, in practice, scabies is largely diagnosed based only on the clinical picture, which may lead to a misdiagnosis. A broad differential diagnosis of scabies can include atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic contact dermatitis, nummular eczema, arthropod bites, dermatitis herpetiformis, etc.

Can you get scabies from a dog? ›

Background: Sarcoptes scabiei causes mange in many domestic and wild mammals, and it has been reported to be transmitted from animals to humans. Canine scabies is known to infest humans, as well.

Where do you get scabies from? ›

Scabies is a skin infestation from tiny mites that can cause skin discoloration, swelling, and severe itching. The mites spread through direct contact with scabies sores or through communal surfaces, meaning scabies is often more common in close-knit living quarters such as dorm rooms and nursing facilities.

How can I test myself for scabies? ›

The burrows of scabies mites can be identified by using an ink test. Ink is rubbed around an area of itchy skin before being wiped off with an alcohol pad. If scabies burrows are present, some of the ink will remain and will have tracked into the burrows, showing up as a dark line.

Where do scabies come from in the first place? ›

Scabies is caused by a tiny, eight-legged mite. The female mite burrows just under the skin and makes a tunnel where it lays eggs. The eggs hatch, and the mite larvae travel to the surface of the skin, where they mature. These mites can then spread to other areas of the skin or to the skin of other people.

How did I get scabies if I haven't been around anyone? ›

Scabies is usually passed from one person to another by sexual contact or skin to skin contact. However, scabies can live outside the body for 72 hours (3 days and nights) so you can also get them from clothing, bed sheets and towels.

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